Source URL: https://www.nitecorelights.com/pages/battery-guide?gclid=CjwKCAiAh5_uBRA5EiwASW3Iah6AkegWrtHRxU6b7vFWUGmmKL4wTks__4-b15E-ILgbzQmAdAJX7RoC2JcQAvD_BwE
Battery guide
Types of batteries
(Note: Our lights do not support 14500 Li-ion battery types)
Battery safety
DO NOT puncture, cut, crush, short circuit, recharge, expose to water, fire, or high temperature–fire or explosion may result
DO NOT place loose batteries in a pocket, purse, or other receptacle containing metal objects
DO NOT mix with used or other battery types
DO NOT store with hazardous or combustible materials
DO NOT use water to put out a burning lithium battery — use a class “D” fire extinguisher or other smothering agent
DO NOT mix disposable and rechargeable batteries in your illumination tool
DO NOT put batteries into a device backwards
DO NOT allow children access to lithium batteries
DO store lithium batteries in a cool, dry, ventilated area
DO NOT use any batteries advertised or promoted specifically for use in cameras, for photography, or for other low-drain purposes. Use only batteries labeled as safe to use in high-performance, high-drain devices, and which contain built-in fault and heat protection for added safety. The use of photographic-type batteries can constitute a safety hazard, including risk of fire or explosion, and may void your warranty.
There have been many reported incidents in which counterfeit and /or inferior-quality lithium batteries developed internal shorts that have led to fire and/or explosion. This has resulted in damage to the illumination tool, and in some cases, property damage or personal injury. Customers are specifically cautioned from purchasing batteries from online auction websites, as these are known sources of counterfeit or inferior-quality batteries.
Li-ion vs Alkaline batteries
Source URL: https://www.thesawguy.com/lithium-ion-vs-nimh/
Lithium Ion Batteries vs. NiMH: Complete Battery Comparison
By Jake Roberts
Lithium Ion Batteries - Quick Summary
- Hold charge for long time
- Stay charged in storage
- More voltage per cell
- Always rechargeable
- Not available in all sizes
- Different chargers for different batteries
Benefits of lithium ion batteries
Cons of lithium ion batteries
NiMH Batteries - Quick Summary
- Available in many sizes
- Low voltage operation
- Cheap to replace
- Runs at full strength for life of the charge
- Loses charge in storage
- Voltage depletion over time
Benefits of NiMH batteries
Cons of the NiMH batteries
Lithium ion vs. NiMH batteries - Which is better?
Related Resources
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Resource URL: https://www.servocity.com/nicad-vs-nimh-batteries
Info found on: 2020-Jan-09_pm111218
NiCAD vs. NiMH Batteries
- How much room do I have?
- How much weight can my application handle?
- How many amps will I be using under full load?
- How much “run-time” do I need?
- How fast do I need to recharge?
______________________________________________________________________________
Resource URL: https://www.batterydepot.com/blog/difference-between-nicad-and-nimh/
Info found on: 2020-Jan-09_pm111412
What Is the Difference Between NiCad and NiMH?
Nickel-Cadmium (NiCAD) Batteries
- Relatively inexpensive
- Charge very quickly, simple to charge
- Easy to store, easy to ship
- Take a high number of charges
- Functional in low temperatures
- Not as powerful as some other rechargeable batteries
- Self-discharge while in storage
- Contain toxic metals that are harmful to the environment
Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH) Batteries
- Quite a high capacity compared to other rechargeable batteries
- Resists both over-charging and over-discharging
- Extremely lightweight construction
- Friendly to the environment: no hazardous chemicals like cadmium, mercury, or lead
- More expensive than other rechargeable models
- Self-discharge rapidly while in storage
- Cut power suddenly rather than a slow trickle down
- Some only work with manufacturer’s charger
Learn More About Difference Between NiCad and NiMH
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Resource URL: https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-difference-between-HR6-and-LR6-batteries
Info found on: 2020-Jan-10_am010626
What is the difference between HR6 and LR6 batteries?
Source URL: https://hetogrow.blogspot.com/2017/10/which-power-bank-is-good-lithium-ion-or-lithium-polymer.html
URL Found on: 20201225_pm041213
WHICH POWER BANK IS GOOD, LITHIUM ION OR LITHIUM POLYMER?
Difference between Li-ion vs Li-Po
Health & Safety issue
High risk of explosion if charged too quickly or inappropriately. You may remember Samsung Galaxy Note 7 explosions and product recall in 2016. The smartphone was packed with 3,500mAh lithium-ion battery.
Samsung's President DJ Koh, said in a conference in Seoul, South Korea that the problem was caused by negative electrode components which deflated and caused short circuit that resulted in overheating and explosions.
As a result of these problems, testing standards are very stringent.
Lithium-Polymer (LiPo)
This may appear to be a marketing gimmick but the primary difference is that rather than liquid lithium electrolyte, it uses solid but flexible polymer electrolyte. This means that thin and lightweight designs can hold slightly higher specific energy hence good battery life and, with lower energy density, it is comparatively much safer that Li-ion. But the lower energy density also means it is more expensive to produce.
The Implication
Some gadgets do come with Li-po battery packs backs which give the added benefit of being able to increase voltage by adding more cells to a flexible plastic container battery pack.
When you add a circuit breaker or internal circuit control unit to monitor performance temperature, input/output power, charge level, etc, (to ensure they don’t explode) you technically have a power bank.
Health & Safety concerns
Source URL: https://www.quora.com/Which-is-the-best-battery-Li-ion-or-Li-Po/answer/Ashutosh-Kumar-675
Lithium-Ion Battery
Lithium-Ion Batteries began their development in 1912. However, they did not become popular until they were adopted by Sony in 1991. Lithium Ion Batteries have high energy-densities and cost less than lithium-polymer batteries. In addition, they do not require priming when first used and have a low self-discharge. However, lithium-ion batteries do suffer from aging – even when not in use.
Type Secondary
Chemical Reaction Varies, depending on electrolyte.
Operating Temperature 4º F to 140º F ( -20º C to 60º C)
Recommended for Cellular telephones, mobile computing devices.
Initial Voltage 3.6 & 7.2
Capacity Varies (generally up to twice the capacity of a Ni-Cd cellular battery)
Discharge Rate Flat
Recharge Life 300 – 400 cycles for 100%
Charging Temperature 32º F to 140º F (0º C to 60º C)
Storage Life Loses less than 0.1% per month.
Storage Temperature -4º F to 140º F ( -20º C to 60º C)
Disposal
Can be recycled by dropping them off at any of our over 7,200 stores nationwide.
Typically designed to be recharged in the device rather than in an external charger.
The chemical construction of this battery limits it to a rectangular shape.
Lighter than nickel-based secondary batteries with (Ni-Cd and NiMH).
Lithium-Polymer Battery
Lithium-polymer batteries can be dated back to the 1970’s. Their first design included a dry solid polymer electrolyte that resembled a plastic film. Therefore, this type of battery can result in credit card thin designs while still holding relatively good battery life. In addition, lithium-polymer batteries are very lightweight and have improved safety. However, these batteries will cost more to manufacture and have a worse energy density than lithium-ion batteries.
Type Secondary
Chemical Reaction Varies, depending on electrolyte.
Operating Temperature Improved performance at low and high temperatures.
Recommended for Cellular telephones, mobile computing devices.
Initial Voltage 3.6 & 7.2
Capacity Varies depending on the battery; superior to standard lithium-ion.
Discharge Rate Flat
Recharge Life 300 – 400 cycles
Charging Temperature 32º F to 140º F (0º C to 60º C)
Storage Life Loses less than 0.1% per month.
Storage Temperature -4º F to 140º F ( -20º C to 60º C)
Disposal
Can be recycled by dropping them off at any of our over 7,200 stores nationwide.
Other Notes
Typically designed to be recharged in the device rather than in an external charger.
Lighter than nickel-based secondary batteries with (Ni-Cd and NiMH).
Can be made in a variety of shapes.
Wrap-Up and Winner
After reading all of the pro’s, con’s, and specifications of both battery types, you can see that there isn’t much of a competition here. Although the lithium-polymer battery is sleeker and thinner, lithium-ion batteries have a higher energy density and cost less to manufacture. Therefore, we obviously know which one is chosen by companies like Samsung, Apple, Motorola, and more. Finally, with new chemicals and such being added to these batteries often, who knows which will come out on top in the long run. The only thing we do know is that this phone, will be sporting a very thin and transparent lithium-ion battery.
Rearranced by Billson on 20201225_pm043543:
|
Lithium-Ion Battery |
Lithium-Polymer Battery |
 Lithium-Ion Batteries began their development in 1912. However, they
did not become popular until they were adopted by Sony in 1991. Lithium Ion
Batteries have high energy-densities and cost less than lithium-polymer
batteries. In addition, they do not require priming when first used and have
a low self-discharge. However, lithium-ion batteries do suffer from aging –
even when not in use. |
 Lithium-polymer batteries can be dated back to the 1970’s. Their
first design included a dry solid polymer electrolyte that resembled a
plastic film. Therefore, this type of battery can result in credit card thin
designs while still holding relatively good battery life. In addition,
lithium-polymer batteries are very lightweight and have improved safety.
However, these batteries will cost more to manufacture and have a worse
energy density than lithium-ion batteries. |
|
Type Secondary |
Type Secondary |
|
Chemical Reaction Varies, depending on electrolyte. |
Chemical Reaction Varies, depending on electrolyte. |
|
Operating Temperature 4º F to 140º F ( -20º C to 60º C) |
Operating Temperature Improved performance at low and high
temperatures. |
|
Recommended for Cellular telephones, mobile computing devices. |
Recommended for Cellular telephones, mobile computing devices. |
|
Initial Voltage 3.6 & 7.2 |
Initial Voltage 3.6 & 7.2 |
|
Capacity Varies (generally up to twice the capacity of a Ni-Cd
cellular battery) |
Capacity Varies depending on the battery; superior to standard lithium-ion. |
|
Discharge Rate Flat |
Discharge Rate Flat |
|
Recharge Life 300 – 400 cycles for 100% |
Recharge Life 300 – 400 cycles |
|
Charging Temperature 32º F to 140º F (0º C to 60º C) |
Charging Temperature 32º F to 140º F (0º C to 60º C) |
|
Storage Life Loses less than 0.1% per month. |
Storage Life Loses less than 0.1% per month. |
|
Storage Temperature -4º F to 140º F ( -20º C to 60º C) |
Storage Temperature -4º F to 140º F ( -20º C to 60º C) |
|
Disposal |
Disposal |
|
Can be recycled by dropping them off at any of our over 7,200 stores
nationwide. |
Can be recycled by dropping them off at any of our over 7,200 stores
nationwide. |
|
|
Other Notes |
|
Typically designed to be recharged in the device rather than in an
external charger. |
Typically designed to be recharged in the device rather than in an
external charger. |
|
The chemical construction of this battery limits it to a rectangular
shape. |
|
|
Lighter than nickel-based secondary batteries with (Ni-Cd and NiMH). |
Lighter than nickel-based secondary batteries with (Ni-Cd and NiMH). |
|
|
Can be made in a variety of shapes. |
Source URL: https://www.electronicdesign.com/power-management/article/21806525/whats-the-better-battery-for-your-portablesli-ion-or-li-poly
Info found on: 20201225_pm050200
What’s the Better Battery for Your Portables—Li Ion or Li Poly?
Rechargeable lithium batteries come in a variety of configurations, physical sizes, and capacity ratings. There are three basic configurations within the industry for lithium chemistry. The first are round configurations similar to small barrels, known as cylindrical cells/batteries. Typical sizes are 18 × 65 mm, 21 × 50 mm, and 26 × 65 mm. The next common configurations are flat and rectangular, similar to small boxes, known as prismatic cells. Typical sizes are 5 × 34 × 50 mm and 10 × 34 × 50 mm, along with a variety other standard sizes.
The third configuration is flat foil pouches very similar to chewing-gum packages, generally known as lithium-polymer cells/batteries. Typical sizes are per prismatic cells, but a wide variety of additional sizes abound within the marketplace.
Industry verbiage typically refers to cylindrical and prismatic cells as being “traditional” Li ion and pouch cells as being “Li polymer” or “Li poly” or “pouch” batteries. For the purposes of this article, we will use Li ion for traditional cells and Li poly for pouch nomenclature.
The Manufacturing Side
Manufacturing of traditional Li ion versus Li poly is vastly different. For Li ion, a vast array of expensive automated equipment and tooling is required to produce the cells. The cylindrical cell configuration has become the workhorse of the industry, being the most commonly used in a large variety of applications. It’s also where the most technology advances are made as rechargeable Li chemistry technology matures.
Manufacturing of prismatic cells also requires intensive capital equipment expenditures. However, there have been fewer, and smaller, technology advances in the prismatic cell/battery arena. From a manufacturing perspective, cylindrical cells are the least expensive to manufacture, followed by prismatic configurations.
It’s a different case with Li poly cells. Being a pouch cell, tooling and equipment is less expensive for manufacture. Overall investment in setting up a cell assembly process also is less costly. Manufacturing a Li-poly foil pouch is much less intensive than a traditional Li-ion “can” cell. And, since overall tooling and equipment costs are much lower, a designer has a larger variety of pouch-cell sizes to choose from. The Li-poly construction allows for odd shapes and even bendable batteries to be manufactured. A Li Poly battery can be designed and developed that will encompass all of the internal space within a given battery envelope; this equates to offering the maximum amount of achievable capacity within a battery pack.
Comparable Chemistries
From a chemistry perspective, traditional Li ion is the same/similar to Li poly. Both have various formulations for improved life, energy density, safety, and overall performance characteristics. All reputable manufacturers of Li-ion and Li-poly cells undergo a series of certification testing to confirm safety of design and manufacturing. These tests are defined as UL 1642 and UL 62133. Within these standards, cells are subjected to short circuit, temperature shock, low pressure, abnormal charging, forced discharge, crush, impact, shock, vibration, heating, and projectile testing.
However, for Li-poly cells, compliance exceptions exist due to the foil-pouch configuration. With the absence of a metal structure, the specific requirements for crush, impact, and projectile aren’t considered. This doesn’t imply Li polymer isn’t as safe as a traditional Li-ion product; it just means current test methods can’t be applied to a pouch product.
With no supporting exo-structure surrounding the internal active materials, a battery pack using Li-poly cells must be constructed differently than traditional Li ion. The cells must be secured or unitized in a manner to prevent any movement within the battery pack.
Traditional Li ion uses a metal can as the enclosure, providing external support. However, this sealed metal can may act as a pressure vessel during abusive conditions. Although the cell design usually contains a vent mechanism, the vent can’t always operate quickly enough during catastrophic events to prevent total rupture of the can. For Li poly, the foil pouch doesn’t have a vent mechanism, so it can’t contain internal pressure buildup either. The pouch seams will usually rupture and vent any excessive pressure. See the table for a comparison between the two chemistries.
Use of cylindrical cells may not provide the highest capacity since all the internal space within the battery compartment (or plastic housing) is not utilized (voids of the cylindrical shapes). Depending on real estate, prismatic and Li Poly cells can sometimes utilize all the available internal space within a battery pack. And specialty-sized Li Poly cells can be manufactured to completely fill the internal spacing. From a weight perspective, traditional can cells will weigh more than Li Poly within a given application due to the lighter weight of foil pouches.
In terms of environmental issues, all Li-ion and Li-poly cells/batteries need to be properly recycled, and should be disposed of in the normal waste stream. As with any battery, encouraging participation in a formal recycling program is recommended.
Is Li-Poly the Better Option?
In the end, Li-poly offers several advantages over Li-ion in portable applications:
- Very safe, benign system during charge and discharge, excellent thermal stability.
- Light weight, great power density.
- Better low-temperature performance, limited voltage depression, and higher capacity delivery.
- Less investment to manufacture in a larger variety of cell sizes.
- Battery real estate isn’t restricted to industrial cell sizes dictated by consumer uses and device applications; i.e., “Cell shape ideally fits the device it will power.”
- Excellent cycle life over commercial Li ion product.
- Product cost in many applications is equal to Li ion, but that’s highly dependent on battery configuration and volumes.
- Consumer markets are poised to use greater numbers of Li-poly cells over Li ion due to form factor, less weight, greater energy density, safety, consumer security, and flexible assembly into devices.
- Well-accepted as an alternative to Li ion.
Use of traditional Li ion in cylindrical or prismatic forms versus use of Li polymer provides greater choices to the battery designer. Many factors come into play but ultimately, if applied correctly; the battery product will provide many years of safe performance to the user.
Danny Rockett is VP of Manufacturing and Technology for Global Technology Systems.
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